Sharpen your organic chemistry skills with questions on functional groups, reactions, structures, and nomenclature!
Test your knowledge of organic chemistry concepts including functional groups, IUPAC nomenclature, reaction types, and structure identification.
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
| Functional Group | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | -OH | CH₃CH₂OH (Ethanol) |
| Carboxylic Acid | -COOH | CH₃COOH (Ethanoic acid) |
| Amine | -NH₂ | CH₃NH₂ (Methylamine) |
| Ketone | C=O | CH₃COCH₃ (Propanone) |
| Aldehyde | -CHO | CH₃CHO (Ethanal) |
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only.
General formula: CnH2n+2
Example: CH₄ (Methane)
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond.
General formula: CnH2n
Example: CH₂=CH₂ (Ethene)
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond.
General formula: CnH2n-2
Example: CH≡CH (Ethyne)
Cyclic hydrocarbons with delocalized π electrons.
Example: Benzene (C₆H₆)
Characterized by alternating double bonds in a ring structure.
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) established systematic rules for naming organic compounds.
An atom or group of atoms is replaced by another atom or group of atoms.
Example: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl (in presence of light)
Two molecules combine to form a single product, common in alkenes and alkynes.
Example: CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → CH₃-CH₃ (Hydrogenation)
A molecule loses atoms or groups of atoms, forming a double or triple bond.
Example: CH₃-CH₂OH → CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O (Dehydration of ethanol)
Reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol to form an ester and water.
Example: CH₃COOH + CH₃OH → CH₃COOCH₃ + H₂O