Stress (σ)
0.00
σ = F/A
MPa
Strain (ε)
0.00
ε = ΔL/L₀
unitless
Young's Modulus (E)
0.00
E = σ/ε
GPa
Formulas
- Stress (σ): σ = F / A Force divided by cross-sectional area
- Strain (ε): ε = ΔL / L₀ Change in length divided by original length
- Young's Modulus (E): E = σ / ε Stress divided by strain